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        2016年東莞小升初英語知識點歸納總結

        日期: 2016-06-23 責任編輯: 東莞小升初網(wǎng)  字號: 、

        2016年東莞小升初英語知識點歸納總結

        東莞小升初學習第一站      

          一、名詞復數(shù)規(guī)則

        1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

        2.以s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

        3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

        4.以“f或fe”結尾,變f或fe為v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5.不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù): man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

        寫出下列各詞的復數(shù)

        I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______

        day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____

        peach______ sandwich ______dish_______bus_______man______ woman_______

        二、一般現(xiàn)在時

        1.一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)?;蛄晳T性的動作,也可表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或主語具備的性格和能力。

        2.一般現(xiàn)在時中,沒有be動詞和情態(tài)動詞,主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句,動詞要按規(guī)則加上s,主語是非第三人稱單數(shù)的肯定句,動詞用原形。

        3.在一般現(xiàn)在時中,句中有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時,否定句在be動詞和情態(tài)動詞后加not,一般疑問句將be動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在句首。 4.在一般現(xiàn)在時中,句中沒有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞時,主語為第三人稱單數(shù)的否定句在動詞前加does+not (doesn’t),一般疑問句在句首加does,句子中原有動詞用原形;主語為非第三人稱單數(shù),否定句用do+not (don’t),一般疑問句在句首加do,句子中動詞用原形。

        動詞+s的變化規(guī)則

        1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

        2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

        3.以“輔音字母+y”結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

        一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹

        【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能

        1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如:The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。

        2.表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如:I get up at six every day.我天天六點起床。

        3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉。

        一般現(xiàn)在時的構成

        1. be動詞:主語 be(am,is,are) 其它。如:

        I am a boy.我是一個男孩。

        2.行為動詞:主語 行為動詞( 其它)。如:

        We study English.我們學習英語。

        當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時,要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。

        【No. 2】一般現(xiàn)在時的變化

        1. be動詞的變化。

        否定句:主語 be not 其它。

        如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。

        一般疑問句:Be 主語 其它。

        如:-Are you a student?

        -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

        非凡疑問句:疑問詞 一般疑問句。如:Where is my bike?

        2.行為動詞的變化。

        否定句:主語 don't( doesn't ) 動詞原形( 其它)。如:

        I don't like bread.

        當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用doesn't構成否定句。如:

        He doesn't often play.

        一般疑問句:Do( Does ) 主語 動詞原形 其它。如:

        - Do you often play football?

        - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

        當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用does構成一般疑問句。如:

        - Does she go to work by bike?

        - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

        2.行為動詞的變化。

        否定句:主語 don't( doesn't ) 動詞原形( 其它)。如:

        I don't like bread.

        當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用doesn't構成否定句。如:

        He doesn't often play.

        一般疑問句:Do( Does ) 主語 動詞原形 其它。如:

        - Do you often play football?

        - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

        當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時,要用does構成一般疑問句。如:

        - Does she go to work by bike?

        - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

        動詞 s的變化規(guī)則

        1.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

        2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

        3.以“輔音字母 y”結尾,變y為i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

        用括號內動詞的適當形式填空。

        1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.

        2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

        3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

        4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

        5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

        6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

        7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?

        8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

        9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.

        10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

        11. Mike _______(like) cooking.

        12. They _______(have) the same hobby.

        13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.

        14. You always _______(do) your homework well.

        15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.

        16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

        17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.

        18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.

        19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.

        20. -What day _______(be) it today?

        - It’s Saturday

        三、現(xiàn)在進行時

        1.現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作,也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。

        2.現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結構為be+動詞ing.

        3.現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加not。

        4.現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首。

            5.現(xiàn)在進行時的非凡疑問的基本結構為:

        疑問詞不達意 be 主語 動詞ing?

        但疑問詞當主語時其結構為:

        疑問詞不達意 be 動詞ing?

        動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則

        1.一般情況下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking

        2.以不發(fā)音的e結尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting

        3.如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping

        寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞:

        play________ run__________ swim _________make__________

        go_________ like________ write________ _ski___________

        read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________

        put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________

        live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________

        stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________

        二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空:

        1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

        2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

        3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

        4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

        5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

        6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

        7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

        8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.

        9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now

        10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

        四、將來時理論及練習

        一、概念:表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或預備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。

        二、基本結構:①be going to do;②will do.

        三、否定句:be動詞(am, is, are)l后加not情態(tài)動詞will后加notwon’t

        例如:I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.

        四、同義句:be going to = will

        1.be going to 表示將要發(fā)生的事或打算、計劃、決定要做的事情。

        2.肯定句:be going to +動詞原形,如:Jim is going to play football. 否定句:be not going to +動詞原形,如:Jim is not going to play football. 一般疑問句:be動詞調到句首,如:Is Jim going to play football? 特殊疑問句:疑問詞+be+主語+going to+動詞原形?:What is Jim going to do? 疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+be+going to+動詞原形?:Who is going to play football?

        I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.

        練習:

        填空。

        1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

        I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.

        I ________ have a picnic with my friends.

        2.我們將要學習英語

        We _____ _______ _________ learn English.

        We ________ learn English.

        五、一般過去時

        1.一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?;蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作感謝。

        2.Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化:

        ⑴am is在一般過去時中變?yōu)?/span>was。(was not=wasn’t)

        ⑵are在一般過去時中變?yōu)?/span>were。(were not=weren’t)

        帶有waswere的句子,其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣,即否定句在waswere后加not,一般疑問句把waswere調到句首。

        3.句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子

        否定句:didn’t +動詞原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday. 一般疑問句:在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形。如:Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問句:

        疑問詞+did+主語+動詞原形?: What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑問詞當主語時:疑問詞+動詞過去式?:Who went to home yesterday?

        動詞過去式變化規(guī)則:

        1.一般在動詞末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked

        2.結尾是ed,如:taste-tasted

        3.末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped

        4.輔音字母+y”結尾的,變yi,再加-ed,如:study-studied

        5.不規(guī)則動詞過去式: am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

        過去時練習

        寫出下列動詞的過去式

        is\am_________ plant________ are ________

        drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________

        does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____

        taste_________ eat__________ put ______

        kick_________ pass_______ do ________

        Be動詞的過去時練習(1)

        Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________

        be動詞的適當形式填空

        1. I _______ at school just now.

        2. He ________ at the camp last week.

        3. We ________ students two years ago.

        4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.

        5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.

        6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.

         

        7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.

        8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.

        be動詞的適當形式填空

        1. I ______ an English teacher now.

        2. She _______ happy yesterday.

        3. They _______ glad to see each other last month.

        行為動詞的過去時練習(2)

        Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________

        be動詞的適當形式填空

        1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.

        2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.

        3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)

        4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?

        5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.

        6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.

        7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.

        8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.

         

        ()小升初英語詞類:

        動詞、名詞和形容詞不太容易區(qū)分,如不能一眼看出,可用如下方法:

        先用(量詞)”(:一個、一張等)和這個詞連起來說,如說得通,一般認為是名詞;說不通再用去判斷,就是把和為個詞連起來說,說得通一般就是形容詞;都說不通就是動詞。(目前我們學過的,以后可能不同)(另外一些很明顯的,如人稱代詞、數(shù)詞、情態(tài)動詞等一下就可以知道)

        1、動詞

        這里所說的動詞是指各種動詞總稱,其中包括行為動詞(就是我們平時總說的那種動詞)、be動詞、情態(tài)動詞。

        (1)行為動詞

        就是我們平時上課時說的動詞,表示某一動作或行為。如:sweeplive等。

        行為動詞我們已學過它們的四種形式:

        原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing,具體判斷方法如下:

        有,就加ing

        讀句子→讀該單詞→認識該單詞→理解意思→看有無be動詞

        (若是be going to 就用原形)

        沒有,再看情態(tài)動詞

        有,就用原形

        有,就加ed

        沒有,再看有無表示過去的時間狀語

        是第三人稱單數(shù)就加ses

        沒有,再看主語

        不是第三人稱單數(shù)就用原形

        (2)be動詞

        a、Am--was Is --was Are--were 口訣:我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它,所有復數(shù)全用are。

        b、肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.

        c、一般疑問句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t.

        我們現(xiàn)在學過的be動詞大致分兩類:is、am、are為一類,一般用于一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時和一般將來時中,waswere為另一類,一般用于一般過去時。

        判斷步驟:

        第一、三人稱單數(shù),就用was

        有,再看人稱

        第二人稱單數(shù)和所有復數(shù),就用were

        看有無表示過去的時間狀語

        第一人稱單數(shù),就用am

        沒有,再看人稱→第三人稱單數(shù),就有is

        第二人稱單數(shù)和所有復數(shù),就用are

        am, is, are 填空

        1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

        2. The girl______ Jack's sister.

        3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

        4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.

        5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

        6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.

        7. How _______ your father?

        8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.

        9. Whose dress ______ this?

        10. Whose socks ______ they?

        (3)情態(tài)動詞

        情態(tài)動詞也是一類特殊的動詞,平時我們不把它說成是動詞。情態(tài)動詞可以和行為動詞同時出現(xiàn)在同一個句子中。

        我們現(xiàn)在學過的情態(tài)動詞有:can、mustshould、would、may。接觸最多的是can。

        情態(tài)動詞后動詞總是用原形。(不受其他任何條件影響)

        2、名詞

        表示某一事物,有具體的和抽象的之分。判斷的關鍵詞往往是be動詞,be動詞如果是am、iswas,名詞就用原形;be動詞如果是arewere,名詞就加ses。

        這里強調兩點:不可數(shù)名詞都默認為單數(shù),所以總是用is或者was;最好不要根據(jù)some、anya lot of等詞去作判斷,以免受誤導。

        如何加后綴:

        a.一般情況下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

        b.s. x. sh. ch結尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

        c.輔音字母+y”結尾,變yi, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 

        d.“ffe”結尾,變ffev, 再加-es,如:knife-knives

        e.不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù): man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet ,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

        判斷步驟:

        如是am、iswas→原形

        讀句子讀該單詞認識該單詞理解意思be動詞

        如是arewere→ses

        3、形容詞(包括副詞)

        形容詞表示某一事物或的特征,副詞表示某一動作的特征。 

        形容詞和副詞只有兩種形式:原形和+er。

        未作比較的情況下就用原形,比較時就+er。

        兩個重要特征:as……as中間一定用原形,有than的時候一定+er。

        4、人稱代詞和物主代詞 

        主格

        you

        I

        he

        she

        it

        we

        they

        賓格

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

        形容詞性物主代詞

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

        名詞性物主代詞

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

         

        第一人稱 I me we us my mine our ours

        第二人稱 you you you you your yours your yours

        第三人稱 he him they them his his their theirs she her her her sit it its its

        人稱代詞:有主格和賓格之分。一般動詞前用主格,動詞后用賓格。

        物主代詞:有兩類:形容詞性物主代詞(短的)和名詞性物主代詞(長的)

        一般看后面有沒有名詞,如有,就用形容詞性物主代詞(短的);如無,就用名詞性物主代詞(長的)。

        用所給詞的適當形式填空

        1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )

        2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )

        3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )

        4. _________ is my brother. _________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he )

        5、數(shù)量詞

        我們學過兩類:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?;鶖?shù)用于表示數(shù)量多少,而基數(shù)詞用于表示次序,常在日期中出現(xiàn)。

        6、冠詞

        a、anthe。aan有具體的意思,一(…),the沒有具體意思,有時翻譯為這、那。確定用a、an還是the時可根據(jù)漢語意思。aan的區(qū)別:an用于元音音素(一般就是元音字母aeiou)前,a用于輔音音素前。


        東莞小升初學習第一站                          

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